What is Waqrapukara?
It is a fortress of pre Inca and Inca construction. In the Pre Inca Period it was a small citadel, for this reason they called it "Llaqta Pukara" where the Qanchi leader lived, and family, also used as an astronomical observatory; He had a shrine to God Teqci Pachakamaq Wiraqocha.
Who built Waqrapukara?
First, it was built by the Qanchi ethnic group in the period of the Auqarunas 1500 to 1000 BC. The current construction is from the Inca Period, it was made in the Inca Wayna Qhapaq period, with the intervention of architects of that government, also involved Qanchimachu and Ttito Q’osñipa.
Why did they turn it into a fortress?
Why in the time of the Auqarunas, there is already a need to form warrior men and places to defend the territory conquered by ethnicity and tribe. Not only to defend their territory and the leader. In pre-Inca and Inca times, these leaders were called curacas, and in the Colonial Era it was called Caciques. In the Purunrunas period there was no need for pucaras, because they lived in a place they wanted.
What was the god of the Q’anchis in the pre-Inca era?
The Q'anchis "Believed, that there is a Maker of all created things, which they call Teqci Wiraqocha." "To worship the sun, they should have taken them from the Incas." (Pedro Cieza, Chronicles of Peru) One day a man came named Contiti Wiraqocha Pachayachacheq, San Pedro de Cacha and taught them of the Creator God, and the men of Canas who occupied Cacha, wanted to kill him, but fire came down from heaven and they were afraid and escaped from the place. In memory of this fact, they built a temple in Raqchi. (Juan de Betanzos, Narration of the Incas, 1551)
What are the characteristics of the Sanctuary or Waca in Waqrapukara?
It has a triple jamba cover, this means that it is very sacred. Instead, the gods created by man, such as the sun god, the moon, the stars and others have their sanctuaries with double jamb covers. God Tecsi Pachakamaq Wiraqocha, called invisible God, the chronicler Santa Cruz. This deity was welcomed by the Incas, for this reason a temple or sanctuary was also built in the city of Cusco, it was in the place of the Cathedral. (Chronicler Juan Santa Cruz Pachacuti).
What was the representation of God Pachakamaq by Santa Cruz Pachacuti?
This chronicler was a native of Urcosuyo sector that limits the territory of Qanchi ethnicity, his father was Diego Felipe Condorcanqui. He presents God Pachakamaq Wiraqocha as the Creator God of the sun, the moon, nature and man. He is also called Wiraqocha Pachayachacheq. He is the God of the Q’anchis, the one worshiped in Waqrapukara. This deity has a plan to solve the problem on earth. (Chronicler Santa Cruz)
What are the reasons why the Q’anchis did not want to obey the Inca Wayna Qhapaq?
For the enmity they maintained after the battle in the pampas of Cangallo (Checacupe) and Combapata. In this battle they lost the Q’anchis against the Inka army commanded by the Inca Wiraqocha. The other reason was the collection of taxes on products, objects of silver and with the military mita that they had to contribute to the Inca government. In the period of Wayna Qhapaq was the curat Ttito Q’osñipa in the Pomacanchi sector. (Fredy Caballero)
What measures did the Inka Wayna Qhapaq take in the face of the rebellion of Ttito Q’osñipa?
Wayna Qhapaq sends an army to quell the Qanchi army led by curaca Ttito Q’osñipa. The Qanchi leader is heading towards the city of Cusco, to add more soldiers and extend their territory to the territory dominated by the Inca. The meeting was in the Pampas of Phiñaypampa, near Corma, in this battle the army of Ttito Q’osñipa loses, a group of Q’anchis soldiers are taken prisoner… (Dr. Vargas)
What happened to Ttito Q’osñipa after the battle of Phiñaypampa?
Ttito Q’osñipa returns to the Waqrapukara fortress and resists the Inca army for about a month. When they deprived the Q’anchis of water, they surrendered and were taken prisoners to Cusco, more than one hundred Q’anchis along with curaca Qanchi. In Cusco the sentence was going to be the death penalty for the rebels; but Wayna Qhapaq, forgives them, only make them cut the ears of the Q’anchis, as a sign of rebellion. He recommended that they would change their behavior. Before the cut, he made them dance the Qanchi tusuy… (Dr. Vargas)
What was the result of the conquest to the north of the empire with Ttito Q’osñipa?
Wayna Qhapaq, with its thousands of soldiers are heading towards the Ecuadorian territory, many ethnic groups from the north are defeated and conquered, the most important being of the Cañari ethnic group. They return with war skills and Cañarís prisoners, a part of them were located by the place of Picchu in the city of Cusco and some of them were brought to the territory of the curate Qanchi, then he was already an Inca general, to whom the Inca gave A ajlla as a wife.
